Class 10 Science NCERT MCQs Chapter 11 Electricity


  1. NCERT MCQs of Class 10 Science, Chapter 11, Electricity

  2. 1) Which of the following is the SI unit of electric current?
    a) Volt
    b) Ampere
    c) Coulomb
    d) Ohm
    Answer: b) Ampere
    Explanation: The SI unit of electric current is the ampere (A), which represents the flow of one coulomb of charge per second.

    2) What is the charge of one electron?
    a) 1.6×10−19C
    b) 3.2×10−19C
    c) 9.1×10−31C
    d) 6.28×10−19C
    Answer: a) 1.6×10−19C
    Explanation: The charge of one electron is negative and has a magnitude of 1.6×10−19C

    3) Which of the following statements is correct about electric potential difference?
    a) It is measured in ohms.
    b) It is defined as the work done per unit charge to move a charge between two points.
    c) It is also called electric resistance.
    d) It is independent of the amount of charge.
    Answer: b) It is defined as the work done per unit charge to move a charge between two points.
    Explanation: The electric potential difference (V) is given by V=W/Q, where W is work done, and Q is charge.

    4) Which of the following represents Ohm's Law?
    a) V=IR
    b) V=I/R
    c) I=VRI
    d) P=VI
    Answer: a) V=IR
    Explanation: Ohm’s Law states that the voltage (V) across a conductor is directly proportional to the current (I) flowing through it, with resistance (R) as a constant.

    5) What is the SI unit of electrical resistance?
    a) Ampere
    b) Coulomb
    c) Ohm
    d) Watt
    Answer: c) Ohm
    Explanation: Electrical resistance is measured in ohms (Ω).

    6) Which of the following materials is a good conductor of electricity?
    a) Wood
    b) Glass
    c) Silver
    d) Rubber
    Answer: c) Silver
    Explanation: Silver has the highest electrical conductivity among metals.

    7) Which device is used to measure electric current in a circuit?
    a) Voltmeter
    b) Ammeter
    c) Galvanometer
    d) Rheostat
    Answer: b) Ammeter
    Explanation: An ammeter is used to measure the flow of electric current in a circuit.

    8) In a series circuit, the total resistance is:
    a) Equal to the smallest resistance
    b) The sum of individual resistances
    c) The reciprocal sum of individual resistances
    d) Always equal to one ohm
    Answer: b) The sum of individual resistances
    Explanation: In a series circuit, total resistance (Rs) is given by Rs=R1+R2+R3+…

    9) If three resistors of 6Ω, 3Ω, and 2Ω are connected in series, what is the total resistance?
    a) 2Ω
    b) 3Ω
    c) 11Ω
    d) 1Ω
    Answer: c) 11Ω
    Explanation: Rs=R1+R2+R3=6Ω+3Ω+2Ω=11Ω

    10) In a parallel circuit, the total resistance is:
    a) Equal to the highest resistance
    b) The sum of individual resistances
    c) The reciprocal sum of individual resistances
    d) Always equal to one ohm
    Answer: c) The reciprocal sum of individual resistances
    Explanation: The formula for total resistance in a parallel circuit is:

1/Rp = 1/R1   + 1/R2    +1/R3...

  1. 11) What happens to the total resistance when more resistors are added in parallel?
    a) Increases
    b) Decreases
    c) Remains the same
    d) Becomes infinite
    Answer: b) Decreases
    Explanation: In a parallel circuit, adding more resistors decreases the total resistance.

    12) What is the SI unit of electric power?
    a) Joule
    b) Watt
    c) Volt
    d) Ampere
    Answer: b) Watt
    Explanation: Electric power is measured in watts (W).

    13) Which formula represents electrical power?
    a) P=IV
    b) P=IR
    c) P=V/R
    d) P=V2R
    Answer: a) P=IV
    Explanation: Power (P) is the product of voltage (V) and current (I).

    14) A device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy is called a:
    a) Transformer
    b) Motor
    c) Generator
    d) Battery
    Answer: b) Motor
    Explanation: An electric motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

    15) What is the commercial unit of electrical energy?
    a) Joule
    b) Watt
    c) Kilowatt-hour
    d) Volt
    Answer: c) Kilowatt-hour
    Explanation: The commercial unit of electrical energy is the kilowatt-hour (kWh).

    16) 1 kilowatt-hour (kWh) is equal to how many joules?
    a) 3.6×10^6J
    b) 1.6×10−19J
    c) 6.28×10^3J
    d) 9.1×10−31J
    Answer: a) 3.6×10^6J
    Explanation:

1 kWh=1000 W×3600 s=3.6×106 J

  1. 17) What does a fuse do in an electric circuit?
    a) Stores electrical energy
    b) Controls the flow of current
    c) Prevents excessive current by melting
    d) Increases resistance
    Answer: c) Prevents excessive current by melting
    Explanation: A fuse is a safety device that melts when excessive current flows, breaking the circuit.

    18) Which type of circuit is used in household wiring?
    a) Series circuit
    b) Parallel circuit
    c) Open circuit
    d) Short circuit
    Answer: b) Parallel circuit
    Explanation: In parallel circuits, appliances work independently, preventing total failure if one device stops working.

    19) Which of the following has the highest electrical resistivity?
    a) Copper
    b) Silver
    c) Rubber
    d) Aluminum
    Answer: c) Rubber
    Explanation: Rubber is an insulator and has very high resistivity.

    20) What happens when an electric circuit is "short-circuited"?
    a) The circuit stops working.
    b) The resistance becomes very low, allowing excessive current to flow.
    c) The voltage becomes zero.
    d) The circuit functions normally.
    Answer: b) The resistance becomes very low, allowing excessive current to flow.
    Explanation: A short circuit occurs when a low-resistance path allows too much current to flow, leading to overheating and potential damage.

  1. 21) Which of the following factors affects the resistance of a conductor?
    a) Length of the conductor
    b) Cross-sectional area
    c) Type of material
    d) All of the above
    Answer: d) All of the above
    Explanation: Resistance depends on length (L), cross-sectional area (A), and material resistivity (ρ), given by R=ρ(L/A)

    22) If the length of a wire is doubled, its resistance will:
    a) Remain the same
    b) Double
    c) Become half
    d) Increase four times
    Answer: b) Double
    Explanation: Resistance is directly proportional to length, so doubling the length doubles the resistance.

    23) What is the relation between resistivity and temperature in a conductor?
    a) Resistivity increases with temperature
    b) Resistivity decreases with temperature
    c) Resistivity remains constant
    d) Resistivity first increases and then decreases
    Answer: a) Resistivity increases with temperature
    Explanation: In metals, higher temperature increases resistivity as atoms vibrate more, hindering electron flow.

    24) Which type of wire has the lowest resistance?
    a) Long and thin
    b) Short and thick
    c) Short and thin
    d) Long and thick
    Answer: b) Short and thick
    Explanation: Resistance is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area and directly proportional to length.

    25) What is the resistivity of a perfect conductor?
    a) Zero
    b) One
    c) Infinite
    d) Between 0 and 1
    Answer: a) Zero
    Explanation: Superconductors have zero resistivity, allowing current to flow without energy loss.

    26) A bulb is rated 100 W, 220 V. What is the resistance of the bulb?
    a) 220 Ω
    b) 440 Ω
    c) 484 Ω
    d) 100 Ω
    Answer: c) 484 Ω
    Explanation: Using P = V^2 / R

R=220^2/100​=484Ω

  1. 27) What happens to the brightness of a bulb in a series circuit if another bulb is added?
    a) Increases
    b) Decreases
    c) Remains the same
    d) First increases, then decreases
    Answer: b) Decreases
    Explanation: In a series circuit, adding resistors increases total resistance, reducing current and brightness.

    28) Which material is commonly used to make the heating elements of electrical appliances?
    a) Copper
    b) Iron
    c) Silver
    d) Nichrome
    Answer: d) Nichrome
    Explanation: Nichrome has high resistivity and can withstand high temperatures without oxidation.

    29) Which equation correctly represents the heating effect of electric current?
    a) P=IV
    b) H=I2Rt
    c) V=IR
    d) P=V^2/R
    Answer: b) H=I^2Rt
    Explanation: Joule’s Law of Heating states that heat produced is proportional to current, resistance, and time.

    30) Which of the following does NOT affect electrical resistance?
    a) Material of conductor
    b) Temperature
    c) Voltage applied
    d) Length of conductor
    Answer: c) Voltage applied
    Explanation: Resistance depends on length, area, material, and temperature, but not on voltage.

    31) Which of the following statements about a parallel circuit is true?
    a) The total resistance is greater than the largest individual resistance.
    b) The voltage across each resistor is different.
    c) The total resistance is less than the smallest individual resistance.
    d) The current remains the same throughout the circuit.
    Answer: c) The total resistance is less than the smallest individual resistance.
    Explanation: In a parallel circuit, adding resistors decreases total resistance.

    32) In household wiring, electrical appliances are connected in:
    a) Series
    b) Parallel
    c) Series-parallel combination
    d) None of the above
    Answer: b) Parallel
    Explanation: A parallel connection ensures each appliance gets the same voltage and operates independently.

    33) What is the resistance of an ideal voltmeter?
    a) Zero
    b) Very high
    c) 1 Ω
    d) Very low
    Answer: b) Very high
    Explanation: A voltmeter has high resistance to prevent current from flowing through it.

    34) What is the resistance of an ideal ammeter?
    a) Zero
    b) Infinite
    c) 1 Ω
    d) Very high
    Answer: a) Zero
    Explanation: An ideal ammeter has zero resistance to allow full current measurement without affecting the circuit.

    35) A battery converts:
    a) Electrical energy into chemical energy
    b) Chemical energy into electrical energy
    c) Mechanical energy into electrical energy
    d) Electrical energy into mechanical energy
    Answer: b) Chemical energy into electrical energy
    Explanation: A battery generates electricity by converting stored chemical energy.

    36) A conductor has resistance of 4Ω. What will be its resistance if its length is doubled?
    a) 8Ω
    b) 2Ω
    c) 16Ω
    d) 4Ω
    Answer: a) 8Ω
    Explanation: Since R∝LR \propto L, doubling the length doubles the resistance..

    37) Which of the following appliances does NOT work on the heating effect of electric current?
    a) Electric bulb
    b) Electric iron
    c) Electric fan
    d) Room heater
    Answer: c) Electric fan
    Explanation: A fan converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, not heat.

    38) If a 60 W bulb and a 100 W bulb are connected in series, which will glow brighter?
    a) 60 W bulb
    b) 100 W bulb
    c) Both will glow equally
    d) None will glow
    Answer: a) 60 W bulb
    Explanation: In a series circuit, the bulb with higher resistance (60W) gets more voltage and glows brighter.

    39) If a 60 W bulb and a 100 W bulb are connected in parallel, which will glow brighter?
    a) 60 W bulb
    b) 100 W bulb
    c) Both will glow equally
    d) None will glow
    Answer: b) 100 W bulb
    Explanation: In a parallel circuit, both bulbs get the same voltage, so the higher power (100W) bulb glows brighter.

    40) What happens to a fuse when excessive current flows through it?
    a) It melts and breaks the circuit.
    b) It glows brighter.
    c) It reduces the voltage.
    d) It remains unaffected.
    Answer: a) It melts and breaks the circuit.
    Explanation: A fuse melts when excessive current flows, preventing damage to the circuit.

  1. 41) Which type of current is supplied to households?
    a) Direct current (DC)
    b) Alternating current (AC)
    c) Both AC and DC
    d) Static current
    Answer: b) Alternating current (AC)
    Explanation: Households receive AC (Alternating Current), which changes direction periodically.

    42) What is the frequency of AC supply in India?
    a) 50 Hz
    b) 60 Hz
    c) 100 Hz
    d) 25 Hz
    Answer: a) 50 Hz
    Explanation: In India, AC supply has a frequency of 50 Hz, meaning it changes direction 50 times per second.

    43) Which type of connection is used in household wiring?
    a) Series connection
    b) Parallel connection
    c) Mixed connection
    d) None of these
    Answer: b) Parallel connection
    Explanation: Household wiring uses a parallel connection, ensuring that each appliance receives the same voltage and operates independently.

    44) What happens to total resistance when more resistors are added in parallel?
    a) Increases
    b) Decreases
    c) Remains constant
    d) Becomes infinite
    Answer: b) Decreases
    Explanation:  In parallel circuits, adding resistors decreases the total resistance, as given by:

    1Rt=1R1+1R2+1R3+…\frac{1}{R_t} = \frac{1}{R_1} + \frac{1}{R_2} + \frac{1}{R_3} + \dots

  1. 45) Which of the following is NOT a good conductor of electricity?
    a) Copper
    b) Aluminum
    c) Silver
    d) Glass
    Answer: d) Glass
    Explanation: Glass is an insulator and does not allow electric current to flow.

    46) If an electric circuit is "open," what does it mean?
    a) Current is flowing normally.
    b) Current is not flowing.
    c) Voltage becomes zero.
    d) Resistance becomes zero.
    Answer: b) Current is not flowing.
    Explanation: An open circuit has a break, preventing current from flowing.

    47) Which material is commonly used in electrical transmission wires?
    a) Iron
    b) Copper
    c) Gold
    d) Plastic
    Answer: b) Copper
    Explanation: Copper is used due to its high conductivity and low resistance.

    48) Which equation represents the relationship between charge, current, and time?
    a) Q=I×t
    b) V=IR
    c) P=VI
    d) R=ρ(L/A)
    Answer: a) Q=I×t
    Explanation: Charge (Q) is the product of current (I) and time (t).

    49) What is the role of a circuit breaker in electrical circuits?
    a) Increases resistance
    b) Regulates voltage
    c) Protects circuits by stopping excessive current flow
    d) Converts AC to DC
    Answer: c) Protects circuits by stopping excessive current flow
    Explanation: A circuit breaker automatically breaks the circuit during overload or short circuits.

    50) Which of the following appliances does NOT work on electrical heating?
    a) Electric iron
    b) Room heater
    c) Electric fan
    d) Water heater
    Answer: c) Electric fan
    Explanation: An electric fan works on mechanical energy conversion, not heating.

    51) Which of the following is true for a series circuit?
    a) The same current flows through all resistors.
    b) The total resistance decreases as more resistors are added.
    c) The voltage across each resistor is the same.
    d) Removing one component does not affect the circuit.
    Answer: a) The same current flows through all resistors.
    Explanation: In a series circuit, current remains the same through all components.

    52) Which of the following devices converts mechanical energy into electrical energy?
    a) Transformer
    b) Electric motor
    c) Generator
    d) Battery
    Answer: c) Generator
    Explanation: A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

    53) What is the function of an earth wire in household circuits?
    a) Prevents overloading
    b) Protects from electric shocks
    c) Regulates voltage
    d) Reduces power consumption
    Answer: b) Protects from electric shocks
    Explanation: An earth wire safely directs leakage current into the ground, preventing electric shocks.

    54) Which of the following has the highest electrical conductivity?
    a) Copper
    b) Gold
    c) Silver
    d) Aluminum
    Answer: c) Silver
    Explanation: Silver has the highest conductivity but is expensive, so copper is commonly used.

    55) A heater of resistance 20Ω operates on a 220V supply. What is the power consumed?
    a) 220 W
    b) 2420 W
    c) 1000 W
    d) 2000 W
    Answer: b) 2420 W
    Explanation: Using P = V^2 / R

P=202202​=2420 W

  1. 56) A battery provides:
    a) AC voltage
    b) DC voltage
    c) Both AC and DC
    d) No voltage
    Answer: b) DC voltage
    Explanation: Batteries supply direct current (DC).

    57) Which device is used to measure potential difference?
    a) Ammeter
    b) Voltmeter
    c) Galvanometer
    d) Rheostat
    Answer: b) Voltmeter
    Explanation: A voltmeter measures electric potential difference (voltage).

    58) Which of the following will decrease the resistance of a wire?
    a) Increasing the length
    b) Decreasing the cross-sectional area
    c) Using a better conductor
    d) Increasing temperature
    Answer: c) Using a better conductor
    Explanation: Good conductors have lower resistivity, reducing resistance.

    59) A 100 W bulb is used for 5 hours. How much energy is consumed?
    a) 100 Wh
    b) 500 Wh
    c) 200 Wh
    d) 50 Wh
    Answer: b) 500 Wh
    Explanation: Energy consumption E=P×t

E=100W×5h=500 Wh=0.5 kWh

  1. 60) Which of the following is true for a short circuit?
    a) It occurs when resistance is very high.
    b) It happens when resistance is very low.
    c) It increases circuit resistance.
    d) It prevents excess current flow.
    Answer: b) It happens when resistance is very low.
    Explanation: A short circuit occurs when resistance drops to nearly zero, allowing excessive current to flow.


MCQs from the Exercise part of the chapter

  1. 1) A piece of wire of resistance R is cut into five equal parts. These parts are then connected in parallel. If the equivalent resistance of this combination is R′, then the ratio R/R′ is:
    a) 125\frac{1}{25}
    b) 15\frac{1}{5}
    c) 5
    d) 25
    Answer: d) 25
    Answer: d) 25

2) Which of the following terms does not represent electrical power in a circuit?
a) I2RI^2 R
b) IR2IR^2
c) VIVI
d) V2/RV^2 / R
Answer: b) IR2IR^2


3) An electric bulb is rated 220V and 100W. When it is operated on 110V, the power consumed will be:

a) 100 W
b) 75 W
c) 50 W
d) 25 W
Answer: d) 25 W

4) Two conducting wires of the same material and of equal lengths and equal diameters are first connected in series and then in parallel in a circuit across the same potential difference. The ratio of heat produced in series and parallel combinations would be:
a) 1:2
b) 2:1
c) 1:4
d) 4:1
Answer: c) 1:4

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Class 9 Science NCERT MCQs Chapter 2 IS MATTER AROUND US PURE?

Image
NCERT MCQs of Class 9 Science (Chemistry) Chapter 2 Is Matter Around Us Pure?   1) Which of the following is a pure substance? (a) Air (b) Brass (c) Water (d) Soil Answer: (c) Water Explanation: Water is a pure substance because it has a fixed composition and chemical formula (H₂O). Get Science MCQ Books for Class 9 On Amazon  2) What type of mixture is a solution of sugar in water? (a) Homogeneous mixture (b) Heterogeneous mixture (c) Colloid (d) Suspension Answer: (a) Homogeneous mixture Explanation: Sugar dissolves completely in water, forming a uniform mixture throughout. 3) Which of the following can be separated using a separating funnel? (a) Salt and water (b) Oil and water (c) Alcohol and water (d) Sugar and water Answer: (b) Oil and water Explanation: Oil and water are immiscible liquids and can be separated using a separating funnel. 4) What happens to the solubility of solids in water as temperature increases? (a) It decreases (b) It incr...
Read more

Class 9 Science NCERT MCQs Chapter 1 MATTER IN OUR SURROUNDINGS

Image
NCERT MCQs of Class 9 (Chemistry) Chapter 1 Mater in Our Surroundings   1) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of matter? A) It has mass B) It occupies space C) It has no volume D) It is made up of particles ✅ Answer: C) It has no volume 📝 Explanation: Matter always has volume. Everything that has mass and occupies space is called matter. 2) The interparticle force of attraction is strongest in: A) Solids B) Liquids C) Gases D) Plasma ✅ Answer: A) Solids 📝 Explanation: The particles in solids are tightly packed, making the force of attraction stronger than in liquids or gases. 3 ) Which of the following is an example of diffusion? A) Ice melting B) Sugar dissolving in water C) The spreading of perfume in a room D) Boiling of water ✅ Answer: C) The spreading of perfume in a room 📝 Explanation: Diffusion is the movement of particles from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration. 4 ) Which state of matter has no fixe...
Read more

Class 10 NCERT General Science MCQs-Chapter 5-Life Processes

Image
  NCERT MCQs of Class 10 General Science, Chapter no 5 (Life Processes) 1) Which of the following is not a life process? (a) Respiration (b) Nutrition (c) Excretion (d) Growth of crystals Answer: (d) Growth of crystals Explanation: Life processes are activities performed by living organisms to sustain life, and growth of crystals is a physical process, not a biological one. 2) What is the primary source of energy for living organisms? (a) Carbohydrates (b) Sunlight (c) Vitamins (d) Proteins Answer: (b) Sunlight Explanation: Sunlight is the primary energy source for life on Earth, as it powers photosynthesis in plants. 3) In which part of the plant does photosynthesis mainly occur? (a) Roots (b) Stem (c) Leaves (d) Flowers Answer: (c) Leaves Explanation: Leaves contain chlorophyll, which captures sunlight to perform photosynthesis. 4) What is the end product of photosynthesis?...
Read more